Pat the chicken thighs dry with paper towels, trim any large pieces of visible fat, and cut into 1-inch pieces. Place in a large mixing bowl.
Mince the garlic cloves and thinly slice the green onions. Set aside. Measure out the honey, apple cider vinegar, and soy sauce.
In a wide, shallow bowl, whisk together the flour, garlic powder, onion powder, 3/4 teaspoon salt, and 1/4 teaspoon pepper until evenly combined.
Add the chicken pieces to the seasoned flour and toss until every piece is lightly covered. Transfer to a colander and shake gently to remove extra flour. Let sit for 2 to 3 minutes.
Place a 12-inch skillet over medium-high heat. Add the olive oil and 1 tablespoon of the butter, swirling until the butter melts and the foam settles, about 1 to 2 minutes.
Add half of the coated chicken to the skillet in a single layer. Cook without moving for about 3 minutes until golden brown, then flip and cook another 3 to 4 minutes until golden all over and cooked through to 165°F. Transfer to a clean plate.
Wipe out any dark or burnt flour bits from the pan. Add the remaining chicken in a single layer and cook the same way, about 3 minutes on the first side and 3 to 4 minutes on the second side. Move to the plate with the first batch.
Reduce heat to medium-low. Add the remaining 4 tablespoons butter and let it melt, about 1 minute. Stir in the minced garlic and cook for 30 seconds until fragrant, being careful not to let it brown.
Pour in the honey, apple cider vinegar, and soy sauce. Add the remaining 1/4 teaspoon salt and 1/4 teaspoon pepper. Stir and simmer gently for 2 to 3 minutes, scraping up browned bits, until the sauce is slightly thickened and glossy.
Return all the chicken and any juices from the plate to the skillet. Stir gently for 1 to 2 minutes until every piece is coated in the glaze. Taste and adjust with a tiny splash of vinegar if desired.
Remove the skillet from the heat. Sprinkle with sliced green onions and toasted sesame seeds. Serve right away while the glaze is warm and sticky.