Remove wilted outer leaves from the napa cabbage and discard. Cut the head in half lengthwise, cut out the thick white core, then slice each half crosswise into thin ribbons about a quarter inch wide.
Rinse the shredded cabbage in cold water, drain well, and dry thoroughly in a salad spinner or with clean kitchen towels. Transfer the dried cabbage to a large mixing bowl.
Peel and shred the carrots using a box grater or food processor. Trim and thinly slice the scallions on a diagonal, using both white and green parts. Rinse and roughly chop the cilantro.
Add the shredded carrots, sliced scallions, and chopped cilantro to the bowl with the cabbage.
Set a small dry skillet over medium heat with no oil. Add the chopped roasted peanuts and toast for about 2 minutes, stirring often, until fragrant. Pour onto a plate to stop the cooking, then wipe out the skillet.
Return the skillet to medium heat and add the sesame seeds. Toast for 1 to 2 minutes, shaking the pan frequently, until they turn golden and smell nutty. Remove from heat immediately.
In a small bowl, combine the rice vinegar, soy sauce, toasted sesame oil, honey, minced garlic, and grated ginger. Whisk until the honey fully dissolves and everything looks combined.
Slowly whisk in the neutral oil until the dressing looks slightly thickened and emulsified. Taste and add a pinch of salt and pepper if needed.
Pour about three quarters of the dressing over the cabbage mixture in the large bowl. Toss everything together thoroughly using tongs or clean hands, making sure the dressing reaches every corner of the bowl.
Taste a bite and add more dressing if you like it more heavily coated. Fold in most of the toasted peanuts and sesame seeds, saving a small handful of each for garnish.
Let the salad sit for 5 to 10 minutes before serving so the cabbage can soften slightly and soak up the dressing. Give it one more toss right before serving.
Sprinkle the reserved peanuts and sesame seeds over the top for extra crunch and visual appeal. Serve immediately, or refrigerate in an airtight container until ready to eat.