Bun rieu is the kind of soup that makes you stop mid-bite and ask what's actually in this broth. It's a Vietnamese rice noodle soup built on a tomato based stock, topped with delicate crab and pork meatballs, fried tofu, and a mountain of fresh herbs. If you've only had pho, this recipe is going to open your eyes to a whole different side of Vietnamese cooking.
In a large mixing bowl, combine ground pork, lump crab meat, minced dried shrimp, eggs, minced shallots, salt, and pepper. Mix gently until just combined, cover, and refrigerate while you prepare the broth.
Heat oil in a large stockpot over medium heat. Add diced onion and minced garlic, and cook for 2-3 minutes until fragrant. Add tomato wedges and tomato paste, and cook for 5-7 minutes until tomatoes begin to break down.
Pour in the stock, then add fish sauce, shrimp paste, and sugar. Bring to a gentle boil, reduce heat to low, and simmer uncovered for 20 minutes. Season with salt and pepper to taste.
Remove the meatball mixture from the fridge. Using a spoon or your hands, shape into loose 1-2 tablespoon balls. Raise broth heat to a gentle boil and carefully lower in the meatballs. Cook undisturbed for 8-10 minutes until they float. Add cubed fried tofu during the last 5 minutes.
While the meatballs cook, bring a separate pot of water to a boil. Cook the rice vermicelli according to package instructions (3-5 minutes). Drain and rinse briefly under cool water to prevent sticking.
Divide the noodles evenly among serving bowls. Ladle the hot broth over the noodles, distributing tomatoes, meatballs, and tofu evenly. Top with bean sprouts, fresh herbs, and sliced green onions. Serve immediately with lime wedges and chili oil.
Notes
Use ripe, in season tomatoes for the most flavorful and naturally sweet broth.
Don't overmix the meatball mixture, or the texture will turn dense and rubbery.
Keep the broth at a gentle simmer once the meatballs are in, since a hard boil can break them apart.
Taste the broth before serving and adjust the fish sauce, sugar, and salt to your preference.
Rinse the cooked noodles under cool water to keep them from clumping in the bowl.
For a more traditional variation, add minced snail (bun rieu oc) or flaked white fish (bun rieu ca) to the meatball mixture.
For a vegetarian version, swap the meatballs for firm tofu and mushroom-based "meatballs," and use vegetable stock.
Store the broth, meatballs, and tomatoes in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to 3 days. Store cooked noodles separately.
Freeze the broth and meatballs (without noodles) for up to 2 months. Thaw overnight before reheating.
Reheat the broth gently on the stovetop over low heat, avoiding a hard boil so the meatballs stay intact.